What does turbidity testing measure in water?

Turbidity testing measures the quantity of suspended material in water. This is crucial because suspended particles such as silt, clay, and organic matter can affect water quality and clarity. Turbidity indicates how much light is scattered by these particles when a beam of light passes through a water sample; a higher turbidity reading reflects more suspended material.

In water systems, high turbidity can lead to problems such as reduced photosynthesis in aquatic plants, which can affect the overall ecosystem. Additionally, it can be a concern for drinking water treatment, as suspended solids can harbor harmful microorganisms and impede disinfection processes.

The other options refer to different aspects of water quality. The level of dissolved oxygen pertains to the water's ability to support aquatic life, while organic pollution relates to the presence of organic matter which can lead to degradation of water quality. The presence of harmful bacteria addresses biological contamination, which is a separate parameter assessed through different testing methods. Understanding turbidity is essential for managing water systems and ensuring safe and clean water.