What is the term for the process of expanding tubes into a tube sheet?

The process of expanding tubes into a tube sheet is known as rolling. This operation involves mechanically forming the ends of tubes to fit snugly into the tube sheet, ensuring a tight seal that prevents leaks. During rolling, hydraulic pressure or mechanical rollers are used to expand the tube ends as they are pressed into the holes of the tube sheet, creating a secure joint. This method is critical in applications like heat exchangers and boilers, where efficient heat transfer and structural integrity are essential.

The other processes mentioned are significantly different in terms of their operations and applications. Welding involves fusing materials together using heat, which is not suitable for tube-to-tube sheet connections that require a specific fit. Flanging refers to the process of creating a lip or edge on a tube or pipe, generally for connecting segments, not for securing tube ends in a tube sheet. Bending is the act of deforming a tube into a specific curve or shape, which is also not applicable when discussing the direct engagement of tubes with a tube sheet.