What term describes the control point range through which the controlled variable must pass to drive the final control element through its full range?

The term that accurately describes the control point range through which the controlled variable must pass to drive the final control element through its full range is known as the proportional band. This concept is fundamental in control systems, specifically in proportional control strategies, where the output (or control element) will vary proportionally with the error between the setpoint and the measured variable.

In a proportional controller, the controller output is determined by the size of this proportional band. When the measured variable moves within this range, the control element responds to bring the process back towards the setpoint. The wider the proportional band, the less sensitive the response to changes in the controlled variable, while a narrower proportional band leads to a more aggressive response.

Understanding the proportional band is crucial for effective control system design and operation because it directly influences system stability, the speed of response, and the potential for oscillations. Proper adjustment of the proportional band is necessary to ensure that the control system operates efficiently and effectively. Reasons like sensitivity, stability, and response time come into play based on how this range is defined in the control logic.