Which component is essential for measuring differential pressure in a steam flow system?

In a steam flow system, measuring differential pressure is critical for determining flow rates and ensuring efficient operation. The correct answer, an orifice plate, functions by creating a restriction in the flow path of the steam. When steam flows through the orifice plate, it experiences a drop in pressure, which allows for the calculation of flow rates based on the differential pressure measured before and after the orifice.

The orifice plate is specifically designed for this purpose: it converts the kinetic energy of the flowing steam into a measurable pressure difference. This differential pressure is then utilized in flow rate calculations based on Bernoulli's principle, making the orifice plate an integral component for accurately gauging flow in steam systems.

Other options like a flow switch and pressure transducer are involved in measuring flow and pressure but do not directly provide a differential pressure measurement for flow calculations. A head meter typically measures the height of a fluid column and isn't specifically designed for differential pressure in steam systems. Thus, for the purpose of differential measurement in steam flow, the orifice plate is indispensable.